Sixty per cent of EPF, NPS taxable if withdrawn, clarifies govt

The government has come out with a clarification about the changes made in the tax treatment for recognised provident fund and National Pension System (NPS) in the light of the Budget proposal that 60 per cent of the corpus of provident fund in the name of each subscriber will be taxable after March this year.

''There seems to be some amount of lack of understanding about the changes made in the General Budget 2016-17 in the tax treatment for recognised Provident Fund and NPS,'' a finance ministry release stated, adding that the following clarifications are given in this matter:

• The purpose of the reform of making the change in tax regime is to encourage more number of private sector employees to go for pension security after retirement instead of withdrawing the entire money from the Provident Fund Account.
  
• Towards this objective, the government has announced that 40 per cent of the total corpus withdrawn at the time of retirement will be tax exempt both under recognised Provident Fund and NPS.
  
• It is expected that the employees of private companies will place the remaining 60 per cent of the corpus in annuity, out of which they can get regular pension. When this 60 per cent of the remaining corpus is invested in annuity, no tax is chargeable. So what it means is that the entire corpus will be tax-free, if invested in annuity.
  
• The government in this Budget has also made another change, which says that when the person investing in annuity dies and when the original corpus goes in the hands of his heirs; then again there will be no tax.
  
• The idea behind this mechanism is to encourage people to invest in pension products rather than withdraw and use the entire corpus after retirement.
  
• The main category of people for whom EPF scheme was created are the members of EPFO who are within the statutory wage limit of Rs15,000 per month. Out of around 37 million contributing members of EPFO as of the day, around 30 million subscribers are in this category. For this category of people, there is not going to be any change in the new dispensation.
  
• However, in EPFO, there are about 6 million contributing members who have accepted EPF voluntarily and they are highly paid employees of private sector companies. For this category of people, amount at present can be withdrawn without any tax liability. We are changing this. What we are saying is that such employee can withdraw without tax liability provided he contributes 60 per cent in annuity product so that pension security can be created for him according to his earning level. However, if he chooses not to put any amount in annuity product the tax would not be charged on 40 per cent.
  
• There is no change in the existing tax treatment of Public Provident Fund (PPF).
  
• Currently there is no monetary ceilings on the employer contribution under EPF with only ceiling being that it would be 12 per cent of the salary of the employee member. Similarly, there is no monetary ceiling on the employer contribution under NPS, except that it would be 10 per cent of salary.
  
• The Finance Bill 2016 provides that there would be monetary ceiling of Rs1.5 lakh on employer contribution considered with the ceiling of the 12 per cent rate of employer contribution, whichever is less.
  
• We have received representations from various sections suggesting that if the amount of 60 per cent of corpus is not invested in the annuity products, the tax should be levied only on accumulated returns on the corpus and not on the contributed amount. We have also received representations asking for not having any monetary limit on the employer contribution under EPF, because such a limit is not there in NPS. The finance minister would be considering all these suggestions and taking a view on it in due course.