Oil falls below $30 as Iran floods market, Chinese demand slows

Oil prices crashed 6 per cent on Friday to close below $30 a barrel for the first time in 12 years, resuming this year's tumble as Chinese stock markets fell further and traders braced for an imminent rise in Iran's exports.

After closing higher for the first time in eight sessions on Thursday, US and Brent crude futures plumbed new lows, taking this year's losses to more than 20 per cent, the worst two-week decline since the 2008 financial crisis.

The slump was not over yet, some analysts warned, as the lifting of sanctions on Iran opens the door to a wave of new oil.

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is expected to issue its report today on Iran's compliance with an agreement to curb its nuclear programme, a prelude to the lifting of Western sanctions.

Shares in China, the world's No 2 oil consumer, tumbled on Friday, with the Shanghai index ending down 3.5 per cent to its lowest close since December 2014 and the yuan weakening sharply offshore. Adding to fuel demand concerns, US data showed retail sales fell and industrial production weakened in December.

Brent LCOc1 settled down $1.94, or 6.3 per cent, at $28.94 a barrel, sticking below the pivotal $30 a barrel mark after briefly dipping below that level in the previous two days. It fell as far as $28.82, the lowest since February 2004.

US crude CLc1 ended $1.78, or 5.7 per cent, lower at $29.42, after hitting a contract low of $29.13, its lowest since November 2003, earlier in the session.

The oil market is oversold after two weeks of almost unrelenting selling, some traders said. The relative strength index (RSI) fell this week to below 30, a technical level often regarded as signaling a market that has fallen too far.

Bearish traders may rush to take profits on short positions next week, analysts say. Short positions in the US contract rose to a record of more than 200 million barrels in the week to 12 January, according to US data.

"I think we will see a hard bounce in crude oil - two, three, four dollars back up into the mid 30s," said Phillip Streible, senior market strategist at RJO Futures in Chicago.

Even before Iran's sanctions are lifted, Iran's oil exports were on target to hit a nine-month high in January. Tehran is expected to target India, Asia's fastest-growing major oil market, as well as its old partners in Europe with increased exports once sanctions are lifted.

Despite oil prices hovering around new multi-year lows, analysts say that prices have not hit the bottom just yet, with demand likely to ease in coming weeks, especially with refiners beginning to shut for routine spring maintenance.

A further fall in prices "cannot be excluded", said Commerzbank analyst Carsten Fritsch told Reuters Global Oil Forum. He warned that $25 a barrel "is quite possible, but not much lower than that."