China’s stock markets close in less than 30 minutes

China's stock markets closed for the day less than half an hour after opening today when shares fell more than 7 per cent, triggering an automatic "circuit breaker", after authorities lowered the yuan's value by the most since August.

By 9.58 am, when trading was halted, the benchmark Shanghai Composite Index had slumped 7.32 per cent, or 245.95 points, to 3,115.89.

The Shenzhen Composite Index, which tracks stocks on China's second exchange, had tumbled 8.35 per cent, or 178.08 points, to 1,955.88.

The Shenzhen Composite Index, which tracks stocks on China's second exchange, had tumbled 8.35 per cent, or 178.08 points, to 1,955.88.

The falls came amid worries over slowing growth in the world's second-largest economy and biggest trader in goods, which have roiled investors worldwide, and with pressure on its currency from capital outflows.

On Thursday, authorities lowered the yuan's central rate against the US dollar by 0.51 per cent to 6.5646, the lowest since March 2011.

It was the biggest drop since August, Bloomberg News reported, when Beijing guided the currency down by nearly five per cent in a week in a surprise devaluation.

China limits the yuan to rising or falling two percent on either side of the reference rate, set by the central People's Bank of China (PBoC).

Thursday was the eighth consecutive trading session the PBoC has lowered the rate, reviving concerns over the unit.

A lower currency should make Chinese exports cheaper on world markets - a challenge for overseas competitors - but at the cost of its imports becoming more expensive in yuan terms.

Authorities were allowing the yuan to "move more flexibly", Societe Generale's China economist Claire Huang said.

"The market expectation now is for the yuan to depreciate due to the economic slowdown" in China, she said.

The country's flagging economy is expected to have grown in 2015 at its weakest pace in more than two decades. Official data on fourth-quarter and annual growth is due to be released later in January.

Investors panicked
The stock market "circuit breaker" went into force at the beginning of the year as part of efforts to reduce volatility on China's wild bourses, which plummeted in mid-2015, sending jitters through world markets.

It was triggered for the first time on Monday. The system is based on the CSI 300 index, which tracks the largest 300 stocks on the two exchanges.

If the index falls by five per cent, the markets are suspended for 15 minutes. But when trading resumed after the initial halt on Thursday it took only one minute for the seven per cent threshold to be reached.

In total, the markets were open for less than 15 minutes.

"The use of the circuit breaker is the main reason for the falls as investors panicked after seeing it being triggered on Monday," Phillip Securities' analyst Chen Xingyu told AFP.

"The circuit breaker has cut off the market liquidity and investors are afraid they won't be able to sell. The market-selling pressure was originally not this heavy."

Shanghai dived 6.86 per cent on Monday - before trading was suspended  - after the release of weak manufacturing data heightened investor worries. That was followed by a 0.26 per cent fall on Tuesday, before a rally of more than two per cent on Wednesday.

''The rebound yesterday looks like the work of the national team," Chen said, referring to entities buying on behalf of the government, which are estimated to have spent hundreds of billions of dollars on shares in recent months.

"But it was only a short-term patch, the government can't buy stocks every time it falls like this and it is not good for the health of the market itself."

Traders' economic concerns have been exacerbated by the looming expiry Friday of a ban on selling by shareholders owning more than five per cent of a firm, but reports have said regulators will delay lifting the measure, brought in as part of a huge government intervention to try to prop up share prices.