BHEL sets up test rig for high temperature turbine rotor used in coal-based power plants

Improving technologies to increase the efficiency of coal based thermal power plants requires use of nickel based super alloy materials as against chrome based steels widely used now. The nickel based Alloy 617M has been selected by the Indian Advanced Ultra Super Critical (AUSC) consortium.The alloy is industrially available and the AUSC consortium has already expressed confidence in indigenous development of the alloy. However, lack of experimental data on performance of Alloy 617M rotors hinders effective usage of this alloy in the Indian AUSC power plant.

To overcome this challenge, the Department of Science and Technology under Clean Energy Research Initiative has supported a project of Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited BHEL (R&D), Hyderabad for establishment of High Temperature Spin Test Rig (HTSTR).

It will be the first facility in India for experimental validation of the design of AUSC steam turbine rotor relating to creep - fatigue damage (deterioration of metals and alloys subjected to a cyclic thermo mechanical load at elevated temperature) and will also be the only one of its kind in India in terms of establishing a real size engineering experimental set-up. It will subject the turbine rotor segments of weight up to 9,000 kg to various damage conditions similar to that in the plant operation, like high temperatures up to 800 degree Celsius, high speed up to 3600 rpm, followed by long term steady state operation and controlled heating and cooling. The facility will pave the way towards Atmanirbhar Bharat in this sector. 

This facility will enable design validation of 800 Mega Watts AUSC steam turbine rotors for certifying the long term performance of super alloy monometallic and bimetallic welded rotor with a total of 2,000 start-ups (hot-warm-cold) and 100,000 hours of total steady state operation. This is achieved through accelerated testing within 200 cycles and 10,000 hours respectively. A unique test protocol for accelerated testing is formulated by the BHEL team with the guidelines of ASME standards. Two rotor segments – monometallic (Alloy 617M) and bimetallic welded portions (Alloy 617M and 10 Chrome) of actual steam turbine rotor will be subjected to equivalent operating conditions over its guaranteed time line by increasing the temperatures and achieving desired thermal gradients within the rotors, during the heating and cooling operations.

This unique test protocol and its visualisation software are registered under Indian patents and copyrights act. Some of the technical highlights in the test methodology are published in national conferences.